Korean class/course for you

 

 

 

As I promised, here's the korean class (I will write a post bout chinese course tomorrow)

Things to know:  Korean grammar is quite similar to Japanese one (usage of grammatical particles, both languages have word order as : Subject + Object + Verb (verb always at the end of the phrase) ... 

All other asian languages like Chinese, Vietnamese or Thai have word order as Subject + Verb + Object and are grammatical-particles-FREE. Korean and Japanese are the only two asian languages that have a different grammar than vietnamese, chinese or thai. 

Korean language also uses a very different writting system, as it's not chinese symbols but ALPHABET  (with consonnants and vowels, just like in latin alphabet) but we'll talk only bout the grammar here, not the writting.) 

Let's start :

The "who" in the phrase

People who are waiting:  Gidari-neun saram (gidari = waiting / neun = subject particle / saram : people )

Korean grammar particles :

- Neun / Eun = It's a particle that indicates the subject, is located after the subject and before the object (like the japanese particle "wa" )

NB : "Neun" is used after a word ending by vowel and "eun" is used after a word that ends with a consonnant.

Example:  What does this person looks at? :  Geu saram eun mweosseul bomnikka ?.   (geu = this / saram = human being / eun = subject particle / mweosseul = what / bomnikka = look at ?) We say "eun" because the word located before ends with a consonnant (saram)

I'm French=  Na neun peurangseu-in imnida (na = I / neun = subject particle / peurangseu = France / in = person / imnida = to be )  

In this phrase, we use "neun" because the word before (Na) ends with a vowel.

Peurangseu-in :  (peurangseu: France /  in = person ) =  "Person living in France" = French person. 

 

- Reul / Eul :This particle indicates the object in the phrase. We use reul when the word before ends with a vowel and we use eul when the word before ends with a consonnant.

 

- "Ro" is a particle that indicates the place or direction we are going to.  We use "ro" after words ending with a vowel or with R/L.  But we use "-euro" after a word ending with a consonnant (EXCEPT FOR R and L )

This plane is going to Seoul =   Jeo bihaengi neun Seoul-ro gamnida ( Jeo = this / bihaengi = airplane / Seoul-ro = To Seoul /  gamnida = to go)

 

Jeogi = there /  Yeogi = here   /  e =particle that indicates the place where something is at.

 

My car is located over there :   Je cha neun jeogi-e  isseumnida. (je = My / cha = car / jeogi = over there / e = indicates place / isseumnida = there is or "is located at") 

 

It (the car) is located next to this building =   Jeo geonmul yeop-e isseumnida ( jeo = this / geonmul = building / yeop-e = next to / isseumnida : is located at  or "there is" )

 Isseumnida means "there is" or "is located in"  the opposite of that is "Eobseumnida" ("there is not" or "nothing there" or also "do not have")

 I do not have a car :  Na neun cha ga eobseumnida.  (na neun = I / cha = car / ga = subject / eobseumnida = do not have / there is not ) 

Gajji / Eseo  

eseo means from and gajji means until or "to".

exemple:  gonghang eseo shinae gajji eotteohge gamnikka ? (gonghang = airport / eseo = from / shinae = city-center / gajji = until / eotteohge = how / gamnikka ? = to go ?  )

= How to go from airport to city-center ?

Let's go in my car=   Katchi ta shi jyo! (katchi = together / tashi = go in  / jyo =particle that means you invite politely someone to do something (it's like the "let's + verb" in english. Let's go,  let's eat, etc ... = jyo )

Tashi comes from "Tada" which means "to go by" .  Katchi tashi jyo = let's go by car (let's drive  or let's go in my car )

Seoul-eun keun doshi imnida :  (keun = big / doshi = city / imnida = to be ) =  Seoul is a big city.

geurigo areumdab-seumnida (geurigo = and / areumdab = beautiful / seumnida = to be )   =  And this is a beautiful city (speaking about Seoul)

Use of "tago"  =  We go by bus =  beosu tago gamnida. (beosu = bus / tago = by / gamnida = to go ) 

Jal-ji nae shimnikka (polite) ? = How are you ?

Jal-ji nae sseo ? (neutral) =How's you ? What's up ?

What does this man look at ?  = Geu saram-eun mweosseul bomnikka ? (geu = this / saram-eun = human-being / mweosseul = what / bomnikka ? = look at ? )

He is looking at the airplanes =   bihaengi reul bomnida.  (bihaengi = airplane / reul = particle indicative of Object in the phrase / bomnida = to look at ) 

Myeon:  When / If   :  If you love me (or When you love me) = Sarang ha myeon (sarang = love / ha = to do / myeon = "if" or "when") 

Sarang-hamnida contains word "Sarang" (love) and "Hamnida" (to do ) =  To love is said "to do love" in korean. Saranghamnida = I love you (polite)  /  Saranghae = I love you (neutral, informal).